Sanitary Pads Raw Material Composition and Properties

# Sanitary Pads Raw Material Composition and Properties

Sanitary pads are essential hygiene products used by millions of women worldwide. Understanding the raw materials that go into their production is crucial for ensuring quality, comfort, and safety. This article delves into the composition and properties of the primary raw materials used in sanitary pads.

## 1. Absorbent Core

The absorbent core is the heart of a sanitary pad, responsible for absorbing menstrual flow. It is typically made from a combination of wood pulp and superabsorbent polymers (SAP).

– Wood Pulp: This natural material is highly absorbent and provides a soft texture. It is often bleached to ensure hygiene and whiteness.
– Superabsorbent Polymers (SAP): These synthetic materials can absorb and retain large amounts of liquid relative to their mass. SAP enhances the pad’s absorbency and prevents leakage.

## 2. Top Sheet

The top sheet is the layer that comes into direct contact with the skin. It is designed to be soft, comfortable, and quick-drying.

– Nonwoven Fabric: Made from synthetic fibers like polypropylene or polyethylene, nonwoven fabrics are breathable and allow for rapid liquid transfer to the absorbent core.
– Perforated Film: Some pads use a perforated plastic film as the top sheet, which provides a smooth surface and quick-drying properties.

## 3. Back Sheet

The back sheet is the outermost layer of the pad, designed to prevent leakage and provide a barrier against moisture.

– Polyethylene Film: This plastic film is impermeable to liquids, ensuring that menstrual flow does not seep through to clothing.
– Breathable Microporous Film: Some high-end pads use breathable films that allow air to pass through while blocking liquids, enhancing comfort.

## 4. Adhesive

Adhesives are used to secure the pad to the underwear, ensuring it stays in place during use.

– Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive: This type of adhesive is applied to the back sheet and activates upon pressure, providing a strong yet removable bond.
– Release Paper: A protective layer that covers the adhesive until the pad is ready to be used.

## 5. Fragrance and Additives

Some sanitary pads include fragrances and additives to enhance user experience.

– Fragrance: Added to mask odors, though it may cause irritation for some users with sensitive skin.
– Antimicrobial Agents: These additives help prevent bacterial growth, promoting hygiene.

## Properties of Sanitary Pad Materials

The materials used in sanitary pads must possess specific properties to ensure effectiveness and comfort:

– Absorbency: High absorbency is crucial for managing menstrual flow without leakage.
– Softness: The top sheet and absorbent core should be soft to prevent irritation and discomfort.
– Breathability: Materials should allow air circulation to reduce the risk of skin irritation and odor.
– Leakage Protection: The back sheet and adhesive must provide a secure barrier against leaks.
– Hypoallergenic: Materials should be non-irritating and safe for sensitive skin.

Understanding the composition and properties of sanitary pad raw materials helps in making informed choices and ensures the production of high-quality, comfortable, and safe hygiene products.